How Does Sickle Cell Disease Affect Patients Psychologically? By: Katherine Jackson

 Sickle cell disease is a genetic disorder that causes red blood cells to become rigid and

crescent shaped, otherwise known as “sickly.” Red blood cells in patients without sickle cell

disease, have disc shaped red blood cells.



These cells cause issues within the body because they decrease blood flow and die far too

quickly. This causes anemia, episodes of pain and discomfort, and potential organ damage. Not

only does SCD, sickle cell disease, cause extreme physical trauma, it also negatively impairs the

mental wellness of the patient.

This disease is extremely overwhelming and confusing. It is a lifelong chronic illness that

the patient must come to terms with. Some major psychological effects it can have are, but not

limited to, depression, anxiety, insomnia, and social problems.

These disorders are caused by the disease itself but also because of the amount of stigma

surrounding SCD. Doctors often believe patients with SCD are “drug seekers” due to the amount

of pain they are in on any given day without believing they are actually experiencing it. SCD

mostly affects people of color so there is a great amount of racial bias. People with SCD often

have a harder time obtaining jobs and being financially stable. It is hard for patients to stay

working due to unexpected pain crises and doctor’s appointments.

Not only does SCD negatively impact mental health, it also can deteriorate brain matter.

Chronic anemia and lack of oxygen to the brain can cause ADHD, memory issues, and brain fog.

For teenagers and children, these factors can deteriorate their social skills and their performance

in school.

Sickle cell disease is a serious illness that affects families worldwide. It is physically

painful while also negatively impacting mental health, and the overall stamina of the brain.


Works Cited


Andoh, Efu. “Sickle Cell Disease: The Psychological Toll.” Apa.org, 1 June 2025,

www.apa.org/monitor/2025/06/sickle-cell-disease-psychological-toll.

Essien, Emmanuel Aniekan, et al. “Psychosocial Challenges of Persons with Sickle Cell Anemia:

A Narrative Review.” Medicine, vol. 102, no. 47, 24 Nov. 2023, p. e36147,

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10681612/,

https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000036147.

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